YEREVAN & ARMENIA
ARMENIA
     A traveller interested in exploring different cultures, their history and art should visit this tiny country which is situated in between East and West and the name of which is Armenia.
First time Arminiya as the name of a country and Armina as the name of the nation is mentioned in a cuneiform inscription of Persian king Dareh 1 (522-486 B.C.), and in the 5th century B.C. Armenia for the first time appear on a Babylonian World map.
Armenia frequently is called an open-air museum. Over 5,000 monuments, all the way from prehistoric cave paintings, stonehenges (karahunj in Armenian), irrigational systems and fortresses to Medieval monasteries and secular buildings and khachkars which survived to our days are scattered all over modern Armenia.
The English poet Byron wrote “there is no other land in the world so full of wonders as the land of Armenians…”
To mention just a few of these wonders: Garni temple of the Hellenistic period (1st century A.D), Edjmiadzin monastery built after the adoption of Christianity in 301, St. Hripsime church (7th century), Zvartnots (7th century), Geghard monastery carved in rock (13th century),etc…
ARMENIAN LANGUAGE
     The Armenian language has two major branches: Eastern and Western. It belongs to the Indo-European family of languages and forms a separate group in it. Its unique modern alphabet was invented by Mesrop Mashtots in 405 A.D.
Eastern Armenian is the official language of the country and is considered as native by 96% of its population.
Western Armenian is spoken by approximately 50% of over 10 million Armenians worldwide. In Armenia second most spoken language is Russian.
GENERAL FACTS
Official name: Republic of Armenia (RA)
Area: 29.800 sq. km (11.490 sq. miles)
Population: 3.2 million (census of 2003)
Capital: Yerevan, 1.2 million
Official language: Armenian
Alphabet: Mesropian
Religion: Christian (Armenian Apostolic) adopted as state religion in 301 A.D.
Religious center: Edjmiadzin
Political structure: Presidential Republic
Independence day: 21th of September
Currency: Armenian Dram (AMD)
Time: GMT + 4
Weights and measurements: metric
Electricity: 220 volts, 50 Hz
Visa: Visa required
Climate: Continental
HOLIDAYS
1, 2 January
New Year's Day
6 January
Christmas
28 January
Army Day
8 March
Women's Day
7 April
Mothers' & Beauty Day
24 April
Genocide Remembrance Day
 1 May
Labour Day
9 May
Victory Day
28 May
Republic Day
5 July
Constitution Day
21 September
Independence Day
31 December
New Year's Eve

Armenia Chronicles
859 B.C. Mentioning of Arame - the first king of Urartu in the Assyrian cuneiform inscriptions
550 B.C. Mentioning of the Armenian kingdom in Xenophon's chronicles
520 B.C. Mentioning of Arminya country and Armina people in Persian king Dareh's Behistun stone
3rd c. B.C. Foundation of capital Artashat (Hellenistic period) and the Armenian theatre
95-56 B.C. The reign of the king Tigran 2nd (Artashessian dynasty). The strengthening of the Armenian statehood.
1st c. A.D. The construction of the Sun temple in Garni
66-428 The reign of Arshakuniats dynasty
301 The adoption of Christianity as state religion
387 The division of Armenia between Rome and Persia
451 Avarair battle. Vardan Mamikonian's battle against Persian
885 The start of Bagratuni dynasty (885-1045) and the reinstatement of the Armenian statehood
1045 The occupation of Armenia by Byzantine and Seljuk turks
1080-1198 The Cilician duchy of the Rubinian dynasty
1198-1375 The Kingdom of the Armenian Cilicia
1236 The beginning of the Mongolian invasion into Armenia
1639 The division of Armenia between Ottoman Turkey and Persia
1724 The creation of the independent Armenian Duchy in Kapan by David Bek
1828 The creation of the Armenian region within the Russian Empire
1849 The creation of the Yerevan state within the Russian Empire
1915 The genocide of Armenians in the Ottoman Turkey
1918 Sardarapat, Gharakilisa and Bash-Aparan battles against Turkish army
1918 The proclamation of the first Armenian Republic
1920 The proclamation of the Soviet Armenian Republic
1991 The proclamation of the Armenian Republic



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